Innovative Fluid Sealing: Dynamic Sealing Using Magnetorheological Fluids

Abstract

Fluid sealing is critical in many engineering systems to prevent leakage and contain pressure. Conventional sealing methods use static seals, which have limitations in applications requiring dynamic sealing. This paper investigates an innovative, dynamic sealing approach using magnetorheological fluids. These smart fluids can rapidly change viscosity in response to applied magnetic fields, enabling active control of sealing behavior. A comprehensive literature review establishes the state-of-the-art in magnetorheological fluid sealing technology. Subsequently, an experimental study examines the effects of key parameters like magnetic flux density, fluid composition, seal geometry, and operating conditions on sealing performance. Econometric analysis reveals the dominant factors and optimal configurations for effective sealing. Magnetorheological fluid seals demonstrated the ability to conform to surface variations, resist high pressures, and operate with low friction losses. The active nature of these seals enables real-time tuning to maintain optimal sealing under changing conditions. A prototype rotary seal was developed and demonstrated significant enhancements over conventional hydrodynamic seals. This research establishes the viability of magnetorheological fluid sealing for advancing dynamic fluid sealing technology.